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How camera of a phone works ? What are mega pixels ?

We take pictures daily from our phones . We look at the camera and pose to take photo . We get the output within a second . But have you ever wondered how does it work ?
The process seems very simple while taking a picture . Just click and see the photo . But inside it many processes are done .

First of all when we want to open the camera, we touch on the screen and by doing it the touchscreen finds changes in its coordinates and opens the camera by giving signals to the CPU which is in the SoC of a phone . If you dont know how a touchscreen , then you should know about this .
Then the RAM of the phone holds the storage of camera app . After the camera app is loaded the camera opens and all its sensors become active . The light sensor observes the light and adjusts the brightness or lights in the photo . There is also a range finder which finds the range of the focused object . 

Makar Sankranti

The lens of the camera gets adjusted accordingly to take the photo .
The lens play a major role in taking a photo . The lens deals with the focal length , aperture and shutter speed . The more the focal length , the more zoomed will be the shot because the length of focusing our subject increases .When we watch our subject of which we are going to take photo , the light which the camera captures is only seen . This is the aperture which manages the light to be passed through the lens . You may have heard phones with aperture f/1.4 etc. It is the f-stop number . The larger the aperture , the lower the f-stop number . The lens with wider aperture focuses to a shallow depth of field so its background becomes blur . The lens with lower aperture focuses to a wide area so that much light enters within . 
 After the things get ready , the time the shutter is pressed the photo gets captured . Here the shutter speed plays a major role .It depends upon the shutter speed that in what time the shutter will close to restrict actions . A slow shutter speed may result in motion blur or if you hands are shaky it may also make the picture blur .  All this things are done within fraction of seconds . The Printed Circuit Board of our phone contains the components which are connected with wires and power supply (battery) . The speed of our camera and photo processing depends on the ISP(Image Signal Processor) of our camera . It is present in the SoC of the phone.
 The camera takes photos of a particular mega pixels . We see people talking about megapixels of a camera . Actually mega pixel is short form of a million pixel . 1 mega pixel takes 1 million pixels. The pixels capture some data or image with all details . When the pixels get assembled they form a complete image . The more the megapixels the better the picture quality . If their will be more pixels , the photo will convey more details , so that whenever we zoom to it we can see the details . We find people talking about the picture getting cracked by zooming this is because of less megapixels .


So this is all the knowledge I had . It is not copied knowledge, its my knowledge thats why it is called AnupKnowledge .



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